Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/05/14 with No Comments
使用Kloxo控制面板管理VPS的时候，缺省的Kloxo界面上的字体太小，汉化之后的中文在Firefox下显示有锯齿，非常难看。本文记录了怎样把这些字号放大。
要修改的文件都在目录 /usr/local/lxlabs/kloxo/httpdocs/htmllib/css 下面。
修改common.css，把里面所有10px的font-size修改成12px。完成之后，控制面板里大部分字体就改变了。
然后修改menustyle.css，把里面所有10px的font-size修改成12px
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/05/13 with No Comments
Kloxo是一个优秀的控制面板，其前身是Lxadmin。Kloxo是个商业软件收费的，但它有个免费版本，名称是Kloxo HostInABox，这个免费版本的限制是仅支持40个域名，其他方面和商业版本一样。
很多Linux VPS都使用Kloxo来管理，当然RASHOST VPS也不例外。本文介绍怎样给Kloxo HostInABox安装中文语言包。
在VPS上执行如下命令：
cd /usr/local/lxlabs/kloxo/httpdocs/lang/ wget dl.rashost.com/kloxo-cn.tar.gz tar zxf kloxo-cn.tar.gz chown -R lxlabs: cn
然后登录Kloxo，在首页点击Appearance，然后点击Language框，选择Chinese，最好点击Update按钮即可
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/05/09 with No Comments
在VPS上安装配置php应用如果碰到错误，而不显示错误信息的时候，经常是一头雾水，不知道是为什么错了，错在哪里了。
这时候如果打开php的错误显示功能，则能够把发生的错误信息显示出来，方便我们找原因。修改php.ini配置文件，打开错误显示功能，要修改的部分是：
error_reporting = E_ALL | E_NOTICE display_errors = On log_errors = On error_log = /var/log/httpd/php.log
需要注意的是php日志文件/var/log/httpd/php.log的权限，要设置成777，至少让apache的执行用户能写。
配置好之后，重启apache即可
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/05/08 with 1 Comment
此笔记,基于 “程序员小辉”的安装笔记修改 ——————————————————————————————————————–
Server 端的环境
Client 端的环境:
二. OpenVPN 服务端安装过程
wget http://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/download/lzo-2. 03.tar.gz wget http://openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1_rc15.tar.gz
yum install -y openssl-devel
tar zxvf lzo-2.03.tar.gz
cd lzo-2.03
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf openvpn-2.1_rc15.tar.gz
cd openvpn-2.1_rc15
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
cp /root/openvpn-2.1_rc15/easy-rsa/ -r /etc/openvpn
初始化PKI
cd /etc/openvpn/2.0/#可以设置下OpenVPN参数(也可以修改vars文件来配置)
export D=`pwd`
export KEY_CONFIG=$D/openssl.cnf
export KEY_DIR=$D/keys
export KEY_SIZE=1024
export KEY_COUNTRY=CN
export KEY_PROVINCE=GD
export KEY_CITY=SZ
export KEY_ORG="dvdmaster"
export KEY_EMAIL="support@cooldvd.com"
#也可以不用设置直接执行下面的命令
. vars
创建证书颁发机构(CA)
./clean-all
./build-ca
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
................
........
writing new private key to 'ca.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [GD]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [SZ]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [dvdmaster]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dvdmaster
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:server
Email Address [support@cooldvd.com]:
建立server key
./build-key-server server
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
......
....................
writing new private key to 'server.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [GD]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [SZ]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [dvdmaster]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dvdmaster
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:server
Email Address [support@cooldvd.com]:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:abcd1234
An optional company name []:dvdmaster
Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/2.0/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
countryName ::'CN'
stateOrProvinceName ::'GD'
localityName ::'SZ'
organizationName ::'dvdmaster'
organizationalUnitName::'dvdmaster'
commonName ::'server'
emailAddress ::'support@cooldvd.com'
Certificate is to be certified until Mar 19 08:15:31 2016 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
生成客户端 key
./build-key client1
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
.....
......
writing new private key to 'client1.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:
State or Province Name (full name) [GD]:
Locality Name (eg, city) [SZ]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [dvdmaster]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dvdmaster
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:client1 #重要: 每个不同的client 生成的证书, 名字必须不同.
Email Address [support@cooldvd.com]:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:abcd1234
An optional company name []:dvdmaster
Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/2.0/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
countryName ::'CN'
stateOrProvinceName ::'GD'
localityName ::'SZ'
organizationName ::'dvdmaster'
organizationalUnitName::'dvdmaster'
commonName ::'client1'
emailAddress ::'support@cooldvd.com'
Certificate is to be certified until Mar 19 08:22:00 2016 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
以此类推建立其他客户端 key
./build-key client2
./build-key client3
注意在进入 Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []: 的输入时, 每个证书输入的名字必须不同.
./build-dh
tar zcvf yskeys.tar.gz keys/
mkdir /etc/openvpn/2.0/conf
cp /root/openvpn-2.1_rc15/sample-config-files/server.conf /etc/openvpn/2.0/conf/server.conf
服务端配置文件(server.conf)样例
port 1194
proto udp
dev tun
ca /etc/openvpn/2.0/keys/ca.crt
cert /etc/openvpn/2.0/keys/ovpnser.crt
key /etc/openvpn/2.0/keys/ovpnser.key # This file should be kept secret
dh /etc/openvpn/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp"
push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"
push "dhcp-option DNS 202.103.44.150" #客户端获得的DNS地址
push "dhcp-option DNS 202.103.24.68" #客户端获得的DNS地址
client-to-client
keepalive 10 120
comp-lzo
user nobody
group nobody
persist-key
persist-tun
status openvpn-status.log
verb 3
/usr/local/sbin/openvpn --config /etc/openvpn/2.0/conf/server.conf &
三. OpenVPN GUI For Windows 客户端安装过程
官方下载地址:http://openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.1_rc15-install.exe
将上面第6步打包的yskeys.tar.gz中的下列证书文件解压到 你的OpenVPN GUI安装路径\OpenVPN\config文件夹下
ca.crt
ca.key
client1.crt
client1.csr
client1.key
把你的OpenVPN GUI安装路径\OpenVPN\sample-config下的client.ovpn文件复制到你的OpenVPN GUI安装路径\OpenVPN\config文件夹下,用记事本打开client.ovpn
#找到remote my-server-1 1194,把my-server-1改成你的ip地址
remote 221.233.59.16 1194
三. OpenVPN 访问外网的设置
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#为了使CentOS重启后仍然开启路由转发功能我们需要再执行下列命令
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#因为我那天CentOS是ADSL拨号上网,所以把出口设置成ppp0,请根据实际情况设置
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"
push "dhcp-option DNS 202.103.44.150" #客户端获得的DNS地址
push "dhcp-option DNS 202.103.24.68" #客户端获得的DNS地址
当 client 连接成功后, 在 cmd 下执行 ipconfig /all, 应该有这类似这样的输出:
Ethernet adapter 本地连接 2:
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : TAP-Win32 Adapter V9
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-FF-F2-1A-44-BD
Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes
Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.6
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.252
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.5
DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.5
DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.1
202.103.44.150
202.103.24.68
Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : 2009年5月8日 23:55:06
Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : 2010年5月8日 23:55:06
执行
vi /etc/rc.local
然后在最后面加入此行:
/usr/local/sbin/openvpn --config /etc/openvpn/2.0/conf/server.conf &
连接成功之后,去ip138.com上看看外网ip是多少,如果是CentOS系统的外网ip那说明测试成功了~
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/04/24 with 3 Comments
1.下载安装awstats
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/awstats/awstats-6.9.tar.gz tar zxvf awstats-6.9.tar.gz mv awstats-6.9/ /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/awstats-6.9/tools/
2.配置awstats
perl awstats_configure.pl
-----> Running OS detected: Linux, BSD or Unix
Warning: AWStats standard directory on Linux OS is '/usr/local/awstats'.
If you want to use standard directory, you should first move all content
of AWStats distribution from current directory:
/usr/local/awstats-6.9
to standard directory:
/usr/local/awstats
And then, run configure.pl from this location.
Do you want to continue setup from this NON standard directory [yN] ?
y
-----> Check for web server install
Enter full config file path of your Web server.
Example: /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
Example: /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
Example: c:\Program files\apache group\apache\conf\httpd.conf
Config file path ('none' to skip web server setup):
>none
-----> Need to create a new config file ?
Do you want me to build a new AWStats config/profile
file (required if first install) [y/N] ?
y
-----> Define config file name to create
What is the name of your web site or profile analysis ?
Example: www.mysite.com
Example: demo
Your web site, virtual server or profile name:
>test.com
-----> Define config file path
In which directory do you plan to store your config file(s) ?
Default: /etc/awstats
Directory path to store config file(s) (Enter for default):
>Enter(安默认的，配置文件保存在/etc/awstats)
2.修改/etc/awstats/awstats.test.com.conf
#你要分析的日志文件位置
LogFile=”/var/log/apache2/access.log”
#日志的类型1:apache 2:IIS
LogFormat=1
#要分析日志所属的域名
SiteDomain=”test.com”
#是否允许在统计页面直接更新数据1:允许 0:不允许
AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser=1
3.更新awstats数据库
mkdir /var/lib/awstats/ /usr/local/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -config=test.com -update
4.配置apache
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/
AllowOverride None
Options ExecCGI -MultiViews SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
5.访问http://test.com/cgi-bin/awstats.pl来查看awstatc统计
6.配置nginx
awstats需要Perl脚本支持，但是用的Nginx服务器，对Perl支持不好，于是通过FastCGI方式来使用Perl。
首先安装Perl的FCGI模块
wget http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/FCGI/FCGI-0.67.tar.gz tar -zxvf FCGI-0.67.tar.gz cd FCGI-0.67 perl Makefile.PL make && make install
安装FCGI-ProcManager
wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBJK/FCGI-ProcManager-0.18.tar.gz tar -xzxf FCGI-ProcManager-0.18.tar.gz cd FCGI-ProcManager-0.18 perl Makefile.PL make make install
Perl的FastCGI启动脚本
vi fcgi_perl
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use FCGI;
use Socket;
use FCGI::ProcManager;
sub shutdown { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); exit; }
sub restart { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); &main; }
use sigtrap 'handler', \&shutdown, 'normal-signals';
use sigtrap 'handler', \&restart, 'HUP';
require 'syscall.ph';
use POSIX qw(setsid);
#&daemonize; we don't daemonize when running under runsv
#this keeps the program alive or something after exec'ing perl scripts
END() { }
BEGIN() { }
{
no warnings;
*CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { die "fakeexit\nrc=" . shift() . "\n"; };
};
eval q{exit};
if ($@) {
exit unless $@ =~ /^fakeexit/;
}
&main;
sub daemonize() {
chdir '/' or die "Can't chdir to /: $!";
defined( my $pid = fork ) or die "Can't fork: $!";
exit if $pid;
setsid() or die "Can't start a new session: $!";
umask 0;
}
sub main {
#如果使用 IP sockets
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 );
#如果使用 UNIX sockets
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "/var/run/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock", 10 );
#foreach $item (keys %ENV) { delete $ENV{$item}; }
#设置fastcgi进程数，默认四个
my $n_processes = $ENV{FCGI_NPROCESSES} || 4;
$proc_manager = FCGI::ProcManager->new( {n_processes => $n_processes} );
#使用unix socket
$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "$ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH}", 10 );
#设置Socket权限
chmod 0777, $ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH};
; #use UNIX sockets - user running this script must have w access to the 'nginx' folder!!
$request =
FCGI::Request( \*STDIN, \*STDOUT, \*STDERR, \%req_params, $socket,
&FCGI::FAIL_ACCEPT_ON_INTR );
$proc_manager->pm_manage();
if ($request) { request_loop() }
FCGI::CloseSocket($socket);
}
sub request_loop {
while ( $request->Accept() >= 0 ) {
$proc_manager->pm_pre_dispatch();
#processing any STDIN input from WebServer (for CGI-POST actions)
$stdin_passthrough = '';
{ no warnings; $req_len = 0 $req_params{'CONTENT_LENGTH'}; };
if ( ( $req_params{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST' ) && ( $req_len != 0 ) )
{
my $bytes_read = 0;
while ( $bytes_read 0 ) {
close(CHILD_RD);
close(CHILD_ERR);
print PARENT_WR $stdin_passthrough;
close(PARENT_WR);
$rin = $rout = $ein = $eout = '';
vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 1;
vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 1;
$ein = $rin;
$nfound = 0;
while ( $nfound =
select( $rout = $rin, undef, $ein = $eout, 10 ) )
{
die "$!" unless $nfound != -1;
$r1 = vec( $rout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
$r2 = vec( $rout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;
$e1 = vec( $eout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
$e2 = vec( $eout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;
if ($r1) {
while ( $bytes = read( PARENT_ERR, $errbytes, 4096 ) ) {
print STDERR $errbytes;
}
if ($!) {
$err = $!;
die $!;
vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 0
unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
}
}
if ($r2) {
while ( $bytes = read( CHILD_O, $s, 4096 ) ) {
print $s;
}
if ( !defined($bytes) ) {
$err = $!;
die $!;
vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 0
unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
}
}
last if ( $e1 || $e2 );
}
close CHILD_RD;
close PARENT_ERR;
waitpid( $pid, 0 );
} else {
foreach $key ( keys %req_params ) {
$ENV{$key} = $req_params{$key};
}
# cd to the script's local directory
if ( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} =~ /^(.*)\/[^\/] $/ ) {
chdir $1;
}
close(PARENT_WR);
#close(PARENT_ERR);
close(STDIN);
close(STDERR);
#fcntl(CHILD_RD, F_DUPFD, 0);
syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_RD), 0 );
syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_ERR), 2 );
#open(STDIN, "<&CHILD_RD");
exec( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} );
die("exec failed");
}
} else {
print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
print
"Error: No such CGI app - $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} may not exist or is not executable by this process.\n";
}
}
}
再设置启动的脚本
vi startfcgiperl #!/bin/bash export FCGI_SOCKET_PATH="/tmp/perl_fcgi.socket" export FCGI_NPROCESSES=4 /etc/init.d/fcgi_perl > /dev/null 2>&1 &
为Nginx添加FastCGI的Perl支持
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ .*\.pl$
{
fastcgi_index awstats.pl;
include perl.conf;
}
location /awstats {
alias /usr/local/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/;
}
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/perl.conf
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/perl_fcgi.socket;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/awstats-6.8/wwwroot/cgi-bin$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/awstats.pl;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
让awstats分析nginx的日志
cp /etc/awstats/awstats.test.com.conf /etc/awstats/awstats.test2.com.conf 修改/etc/awstats/awstats.test2.com.conf #你要分析的日志文件位置 LogFile="/web/logs/access.log" #日志的类型1:apache 2:IIS LogFormat=1 #要分析日志所属的域名 SiteDomain="test2.com" #是否允许在统计页面直接更新数据1:允许 0:不允许 AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser=1
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/03/03 with No Comments
Debian Linux是我们最喜欢的一个Linux发行版，Debian拥有很大的灵活性，Debian官方的软件包及其丰富，自创的APT包管理系统使用起来非常方便。
Debian VPS自然也是我们极力推荐的VPS，目前Debian 5.0(代号Lenny)刚刚发布，我们也紧锣密鼓的推出安装了Debian 5.0的VPS，欢迎各位客户使用安装了Debian 5.0的VPS。
现有的Debian 4.0的客户可以自行升级到Debian 5.0，如果不会升级的客户，可以给info@rashost.com发一封邮件让我们来帮助你升级，或者干脆让我们免费给你安装一个全新的Debian 5.0也是可以的。
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/02/16 with No Comments
本文介绍一种方法，能够实现当VPS上面网站不能访问的时候，管理员能及时得到邮件和短信通知，这个通知是完全免费的。
首先，网站管理员要拥有一个手机号码。如果是中国移动的手机，就去申请一个@139.com的邮箱；如果是中国联通186的手机，也可以去申请一个@wo.com.cn的邮箱。这两种邮箱都有新邮件短信提醒的功能，进入邮箱设置一下，当收到新邮件的时候发短信至手机。如果是其他手机号码，我不知道是否有此类配套的邮箱可以用。
然后，去本文最后提到的监控网站注册一个帐号，注册一个免费的monitor服务，并把通知邮箱写成你的@139.com或者@wo.com.cn的邮箱。监控会每隔几分钟检测一下你的网站，如果网站不通，就会发邮件到你的邮箱，邮箱收到新邮件就会发短信通知你了。
国外的监控网站有： http://www.siteuptime.com 和 http://mon.itor.us 等
国内的监控网站有： http://www.jiankongbao.com 和 http://bm.chinaz.com 等
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/02/01 with No Comments
我们的国际站点 http://rasvps.com/ 今日开张，本站点主要面向国外的用户，提供中国VPS和美国VPS。
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2009/01/02 with No Comments
CentOS中的yum能很方便的更新安装软件包，它能够自动解决rpm包之间的依赖关系，就像Debian中的apt-get一样。 使用yum必须要配置yum源地址，在国内的网络情况下，配置一个速度快的yum源还真不容易。不像Debian的apt源，国内有很多。本文介绍一些我们配置yum源的经验。
以前也以为国内的yum源速度快，但不知实际情况却恰恰相反。国内的一些yum源速度非常慢，yum更新慢的印象都是国内的源造成的。我分析慢原因还是国内的带宽少，这种没有回报的公益事业在国内没有多少人愿意投入，带宽都用来卖给客户赚钱了。
另外国内的yum源非常不稳定，以前常使用的be10的国内yum源，现在经常不能访问。
如果CentOS VPS的位置在国外，配置有一个国外的IP地址，那么使用缺省的yum源设置应该就很好。就像我们的美国VPS，使用的都是缺省的yum源，速度相当快
国内的CentOS VPS使用缺省的yum源速度往往很慢，因为缺省的yum源是这样设置的：
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
http://mirrorlist.centos.org这个URL能够自动返回VPS所在地附近的一些yum源，而这些yum源都是位于中国大陆或者台湾等地区，这些地区的源访问起来非常慢。为了解决这个问题，我们只需在mirrorlist这一行的尾部添加如下字符串即可：
&cc=us
解释一下上面的字符串：&是用来连接URL中的参数的；cc是http://mirrorlist.centos.org这个URL能接受的一个参数，代表地区的意思；us代表美国。这样，一个完整的mirrorlist配置应该如下：
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&cc=us
这样就能够直接访问美国地区的那些yum源，这些yum源从中国访问也是很快的。
附上整个的/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件供参考：
[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&cc=us gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&cc=us gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #packages used/produced in the build but not released [addons] name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons&cc=us gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&cc=us gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&cc=us gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
更简单的，可以用root在CentOS 5 VPS下执行如下命令更新yum源：
wget http://rashost.com/download/yum.sh sh yum.sh
Posted by zuzhihui in vps技术 on 2008/12/26 with No Comments
很多人都在VPS上安装了Subversion,CVS等软件。ViewVC是一个很好的SubVersion/CVS的Web前端工具，
本文介绍了在Debian Lenny VPS下ViewVC的安装和配置。
ViewVC在Apache的CGI模式下运行，所以要安装Apache并配置Apache支持CGI。
a2enmod cgi /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
apt-get install viewvc
dpkg-reconfigure viewvc
需要输入CVS和Subversion的数据路径。
然后在浏览器里输入地址(请替换IP地址)：
http://192.168.9.9/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi，就能看到ViewVC的界面了。
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